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Volume 7, Issue 2 (2026)
3 2026, 7(2): 65-72 |
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Received: 2026/01/26 | Accepted: 2026/03/21 | Published: 2026/03/29
Received: 2026/01/26 | Accepted: 2026/03/21 | Published: 2026/03/29
How to cite this article
Rezaei R, Mohammadi S, Jahangirimehr A, Pajohideh Z. General Health, Marital Satisfaction, and Happiness among Women with/without Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. 3 2026; 7 (2) :65-72
URL: http://jccs.daneshafarand.org/article-8-87203-en.html
URL: http://jccs.daneshafarand.org/article-8-87203-en.html
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1- Department of Midwifery, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
2- Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Department of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
2- Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Department of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
Abstract (559 Views)
Aims: Recurrent pregnancy loss imposes a profound psychological burden. This study aimed to compare general health, marital satisfaction, and subjective happiness between women with recurrent pregnancy loss and healthy controls and to elucidate the mediating pathways linking recurrent pregnancy loss to relational outcomes.
Materials & Methods: In this matched case-control study conducted in 2025 in Shushtar, Iran, 210 reproductive-aged women (71 with recurrent pregnancy loss and 140 healthy controls matched by age, socioeconomic status, and gravidity) were recruited. Participants completed the General Health Questionnaire, the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Inventory, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, stepwise multiple regression, and path analysis to evaluate direct and indirect effects.
Findings: Compared with the controls, women with recurrent pregnancy loss exhibited significantly poorer general health (40.89±17.07 vs. 23.41±15.44; p<0.001), lower happiness (29.65±19.11 vs. 43.86±16.04; p<0.001), and lower marital satisfaction (123.58±59.91 vs. 163.01±54.56; p=0.001). Recurrent pregnancy loss status did not directly reduce marital satisfaction. Instead, its detrimental effect was fully mediated by compromised general health and reduced happiness (indirect effect β=0.297; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Women with recurrent pregnancy loss have poorer health, happiness, and marital satisfaction.
Materials & Methods: In this matched case-control study conducted in 2025 in Shushtar, Iran, 210 reproductive-aged women (71 with recurrent pregnancy loss and 140 healthy controls matched by age, socioeconomic status, and gravidity) were recruited. Participants completed the General Health Questionnaire, the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Inventory, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, stepwise multiple regression, and path analysis to evaluate direct and indirect effects.
Findings: Compared with the controls, women with recurrent pregnancy loss exhibited significantly poorer general health (40.89±17.07 vs. 23.41±15.44; p<0.001), lower happiness (29.65±19.11 vs. 43.86±16.04; p<0.001), and lower marital satisfaction (123.58±59.91 vs. 163.01±54.56; p=0.001). Recurrent pregnancy loss status did not directly reduce marital satisfaction. Instead, its detrimental effect was fully mediated by compromised general health and reduced happiness (indirect effect β=0.297; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Women with recurrent pregnancy loss have poorer health, happiness, and marital satisfaction.
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